Public figure, publicist, historian and literary critic. At the beginning of the 1900s he was a member of the Zionist-Socialist party. He studied law and philosophy at universities in Germany and Switzerland. During the First World War he served in the Russian army, took part in military actions, was captured and taken as a prisoner of war to Germany. After the war he lived in Berlin, where he married and worked as an advocate. In 1919 he was the editor of the first Yiddish newspaper in Berlin, Fraytag (‘Friday’); he took an active part in the work of the Berlin Kultur-Liga. In 1921 he was one of the leaders of ORT and editor of a number of journals in Yiddish. In their pages he promoted the ideas of the ‘ORTism’ of which G. Aronson wrote, i.e. improving the economic state of the Jewish population by attracting it into work of a professional nature. With his active participation the American ORT Federation was founded in 1922, and a network of Jewish professional schools was organised in European countries and in South Africa.